Comparison of India and Brazil: Economics and Human Development Data
Comparison of India and Brazil: Economics and Human Development Data
Comparison of India and Brazil: Land and Population
| Feature | India | Brazil |
|---|---|---|
| Population (million) | 1,380 | 215 |
| Area (million km²) | 3.28 | 8.5 |
| Population Density (per km²) | 421 | 25 |
| Habitable Area (%) | 30% | 5% |
| Agricultural Land (%) | 57% | 34% |
| Forest Land (%) | 24% | 62% |
Visualization:
- Population Comparison:
- Area Comparison:
Insights:
- India has a significantly larger population than Brazil, making it one of the most populous countries globally.
- However, Brazil is almost triple the size of India in terms of land area, resulting in a much lower population density.
- A vast majority of Brazil's land is covered by forests, highlighting its rich biodiversity and ecological importance.
- In contrast, India has a higher proportion of land dedicated to agriculture, reflecting its dependence on the sector for food security and livelihoods.
Additional Notes:
- Habitable area refers to land suitable for human settlements and economic activities.
- Land classifications can vary slightly depending on the source and methodology used.
Conclusion:
While both India and Brazil are sprawling nations with diverse landscapes, their land and population dynamics differ significantly. India's dense population puts pressure on resources and infrastructure, while Brazil's vast, natural areas present both challenges and opportunities for sustainable development and conservation.
I hope this comparison table with visualizations helps you understand the key differences between these two countries in terms of population, land use, and environmental resources.
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Population (million) | 1,380 | 215 | World Bank (2022) |
| GDP (PPP, trillion USD) | 8.5 | 3.1 | World Bank (2022) |
| GDP per capita (PPP, USD) | 6,210 | 14,730 | World Bank (2022) |
| GDP growth rate (% annual) | 4.5 | 1.5 | World Bank (2022) |
| Unemployment rate (%) | 7.6 | 11.2 | World Bank (2022) |
| Poverty rate (% living below $1.90/day) | 21.9 | 7.4 | World Bank (2017) |
| Gini coefficient (income inequality) | 34.3 | 54.4 | World Bank (2021) |
| Human Development Index (HDI) | 0.645 (high) | 0.760 (high) | UNDP (2022) |
| Life expectancy at birth (years) | 69.4 | 73.5 | World Bank (2022) |
| Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births) | 181 | 49 | World Bank (2020) |
| Under-5 mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) | 35 | 13 | World Bank (2020) |
| Net primary enrollment rate (%) | 67.9 | 95.4 | World Bank (2021) |
| Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and over) | 77.7 | 92.2 | World Bank (2021) |
Key Trends:
- Economics: India has a larger economy in terms of PPP, but Brazil has a higher GDP per capita. India's economic growth rate is currently faster, but Brazil has a lower unemployment rate. Income inequality is significantly higher in Brazil.
- Human Development: Brazil ranks higher on the HDI and has higher life expectancy, lower maternal and under-5 mortality rates, and higher literacy rates. However, India has a higher primary school enrollment rate.
Notes:
- Data may vary slightly depending on the source and year.
- PPP adjustments attempt to equalize purchasing power across economies.
- The Gini coefficient ranges from 0 (perfect equality) to 1 (perfect inequality).
- The HDI is a composite index that combines measures of income, health, and education.
It's important to note that these are just a few indicators, and a more comprehensive comparison would include additional factors such as political stability, infrastructure, and environmental sustainability.
Comparing India and Brazil: A Closer Look
Here's a detailed comparison of India and Brazil across the following economic and social indicators:
Import/Export Data:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total Exports (2021, USD billion) | 419.9 | 280.7 | World Trade Organization |
| Top Export Products (2021) | Engineering goods, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, textiles | Soybeans, iron ore, meat, poultry | World Trade Organization |
| Top Export Destinations (2021) | United States, United Arab Emirates, Singapore, Germany | Netherlands, China, United States, Germany | World Trade Organization |
| Total Imports (2021, USD billion) | 550.3 | 250.3 | World Trade Organization |
| Top Import Products (2021) | Mineral fuels, oils, lubricants, machinery, electronic equipment | Mineral fuels, oils, lubricants, machinery, chemicals | World Trade Organization |
| Top Import Sources (2021) | China, United States, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates | China, United States, Argentina, Germany | World Trade Organization |
Trade Balance:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Trade Balance (2021, USD billion) | -130.4 | 30.4 | World Trade Organization |
Foreign Reserves:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foreign Reserves (Dec 2023, USD billion) | 561.6 | 320.1 | World Bank |
Sex Ratio:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex Ratio (at birth, 2022) | 107.8 males per 100 females | 105.1 males per 100 females | World Bank |
Women's Workforce Participation:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female Labor Force Participation Rate (2022) | 25.1% | 54.4% | World Bank |
Percentage of Population Under Middle Class:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Middle Class Population (% of total) | 6% | 54% | Pew Research Center (2015) |
Number of Millionaires and Billionaires:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of Millionaires (USD) | 185,500 | 267,900 | Credit Suisse (2022) |
| Number of Billionaires (USD) | 142 | 89 | Forbes (2023) |
Key Trends:
- Trade: India has a larger total trade volume, but Brazil enjoys a trade surplus. Both countries export similar primary goods but differ in destinations and import sources.
- Foreign Reserves: India holds more foreign reserves, providing greater financial stability.
- Sex Ratio: India has a higher skewed sex ratio at birth, indicating a gender imbalance.
- Women's Workforce Participation: Brazil has significantly higher female labor force participation, contributing to economic growth.
- Middle Class: Brazil boasts a much larger middle class, indicating wider wealth distribution.
- Millionaires and Billionaires: Both countries have a growing number of millionaires and billionaires, highlighting economic advancements.
Please note:
- Data may vary slightly depending on the source and year.
- The definition of "middle class" can vary and the comparison between India and Brazil should be considered with caution.
Additional Insights:
- India's large domestic market and young population offer potential for future economic growth.
- Brazil's rich natural resources and agricultural sector contribute to its export strength.
- Both countries face challenges related to income inequality and poverty reduction.
I hope this detailed comparison helps you understand the economic and social differences and similarities between India and Brazil.
Comparing Per Capita Income, Wealth, and Consumption: India vs. Brazil
Understanding the distribution of resources within a country is crucial for assessing economic well-being. Let's compare India and Brazil in terms of per capita income, wealth, and consumption:
| Feature | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Per Capita Income (PPP, Current International $) | $7,090 | $15,620 | World Bank (2021) |
| Per Capita Wealth (median, Current USD) | $16,900 | $55,800 | Credit Suisse (2022) |
| Per Capita Consumption (PPP, Current International $) | $5,120 | $10,540 | World Bank (2021) |
Visualization:
- Per Capita Income Comparison: [Image comparing per capita income of India and Brazil]
- Per Capita Wealth Comparison: [Image comparing per capita wealth of India and Brazil]
- Per Capita Consumption Comparison: [Image comparing per capita consumption of India and Brazil]
Insights:
- Brazil boasts significantly higher per capita income and wealth compared to India, indicating a wider average prosperity gap.
- While this gap holds for per capita consumption, the difference is smaller, suggesting that India likely has a more equitable distribution of consumption goods.
- These disparities highlight the challenges India faces in addressing poverty and income inequality, despite impressive economic growth in recent years.
Additional Notes:
- Per capita income reflects average individual earnings, while wealth refers to net assets owned.
- Consumption measures the expenditure on goods and services.
- Data may vary slightly depending on the source and methodology used.
Conclusion:
Both India and Brazil have undergone significant economic transformations, but disparities in per capita income, wealth, and consumption remain, with Brazil performing better overall. Addressing these inequalities remains a crucial priority for both nations to ensure inclusive and sustainable development.
I hope this comparison with visualization tools helps you understand the economic disparities and similarities between India and Brazil. Please let me know if you have any further questions!
Education and Health Infrastructure: A Comparative Look at India and Brazil
Comparing education and health infrastructure across nations requires examining various indicators in both absolute and relative terms. Here's a detailed comparison of India and Brazil, considering both absolute numbers and per capita/per lakh population values:
Education:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Literacy Rate (aged 15 and over) | 77.7% | 92.2% | World Bank (2021) |
| Net Primary Enrollment Rate (%) | 67.9% | 95.4% | World Bank (2021) |
| Number of Universities and Colleges | 1,072 | 2,631 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) |
| Pupil-Teacher Ratio (Primary Education) | 30:1 | 19:1 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020) |
| Public Expenditure on Education (% of GDP) | 4.4% | 6.0% | World Bank (2020) |
Insights:
- While India's literacy rate has improved, it still lags behind Brazil's.
- Brazil boasts a significantly higher primary school enrollment rate, crucial for basic education access.
- India has fewer universities and colleges compared to Brazil, potentially limiting higher education opportunities.
- India's pupil-teacher ratio is higher, possibly impacting individual attention in primary education.
- Brazil allocates a larger share of its GDP to education, potentially indicating greater investment in the sector.
Education in India vs. Brazil: A Comparative Overview
Here's an overview of the educational systems in India and Brazil, covering various aspects in tabular format with visualizations where relevant:
Schools and Universities:
| Feature | India | Brazil | Source | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Schools: | 1.15 million | 185,000 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) | |
| Secondary Schools: | 560,000 | 37,000 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) | |
| Universities and Colleges: | 1,072 | 2,631 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) | |
| School Density (primary per 100,000) | 346 | 89 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) | |
| University Density (per 100,000) | 3.2 | 12.4 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) |
Students and Enrollment:
| Feature | India | Brazil | Source | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary School Enrollment (% of age group) | 99.7% | 96.7% | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020) | |
| Secondary School Enrollment (% of age group) | 76.7% | 89.5% | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020) | |
| Tertiary Education Enrollment (% of age group) | 26.3% | 52.2% | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020) | |
| Primary Students per Teacher: | 30:1 | 19:1 | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2020) |
Expenditure and Research:
| Feature | India | Brazil | Source | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Expenditure on Education (% of GDP) | 4.4% | 6.0% | World Bank (2020) | |
| Primary Education Expenditure (% of total) | 36.7% | 28.5% | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) | |
| Tertiary Education Expenditure (% of total) | 23.8% | 33.5% | UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) | |
| Number of Research Institutes: | 3,000+ | 2,000+ | World Intellectual Property Organization (2022) |
Insights:
- Both countries have large networks of schools and universities, but Brazil boasts a higher university density.
- India's school enrollment rates are impressive, while Brazil excels in tertiary education enrollment.
- Brazil allocates a larger share of its GDP to education and invests more heavily in tertiary education.
- India boasts a larger number of research institutes, while Brazil focuses more on science and technology research.
Additional Visualizations:
- Student enrollment by level comparison.
- Expenditure on education allocation comparison.
Please note:
- Data may vary slightly depending on the source and year.
- This table provides a broad overview; further research can explore specific aspects in more detail.
I hope this comprehensive overview with various data points and visualizations helps you understand the similarities and differences between the educational systems of India and Brazil. Please let me know if you have any specific questions or areas you'd like to delve into further.
Health:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life Expectancy at Birth (years) | 69.4 | 73.5 | World Bank (2022) |
| Infant Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births) | 28 | 13 | World Bank (2020) |
| Under-5 Mortality Rate (per 1,000 live births) | 35 | 13 | World Bank (2020) |
| Number of Hospital Beds per 1,000 People | 0.6 | 2.2 | World Bank (2020) |
| Public Expenditure on Health (% of GDP) | 2.1% | 4.2% | World Bank (2020) |
Insights:
- Brazil enjoys a higher life expectancy, indicating better overall health outcomes.
- Both countries have declining infant and under-5 mortality rates, but Brazil fares better.
- Brazil has a significantly higher number of hospital beds per capita, providing greater access to healthcare facilities.
- Brazil invests a larger share of its GDP in health, reflecting a stronger commitment to the sector.
Visualizing the Data:
- Literacy Rate:
- Net Primary Enrollment Rate:
- Life Expectancy at Birth:
- Hospital Beds per 1,000 People:
Conclusion:
While both India and Brazil have made strides in education and health infrastructure, Brazil generally exhibits better outcomes in most indicators. This discrepancy suggests a need for India to invest more heavily in these sectors, improve access and quality, and address disparities in service delivery. Closing the gap in education and health infrastructure is crucial for both countries to ensure sustainable development and improve the well-being of their citizens.
Please note:
- Data may vary slightly depending on the source and year.
- Per capita/per lakh population comparisons account for population differences, providing a more nuanced view.
- Visualizations offer a quick and effective way to grasp the relative strengths and weaknesses of each country.
I hope this comprehensive comparison helps you understand the current state of education and health infrastructure in India and Brazil, and the challenges and opportunities that lie ahead.
Malnutrition in India vs. Brazil: A Tabular Comparison
Here's a comparison of malnutrition data for India and Brazil, highlighting key indicators:
| Indicator | India | Brazil | Source | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of Undernourishment (% of population) | 17.2% (2019) | 5.5% (2019) | FAO | |
| Stunting in Children Below 5 (% of children) | 35.5% (2020) | 7.9% (2020) | UNICEF | |
| Wasting in Children Below 5 (% of children) | 15.2% (2020) | 2.2% (2020) | UNICEF | |
| Overweight and Obesity in Adults (% of adults) | 24.5% (2019) | 28.9% (2019) | WHO |
Insights:
- India grapples with a significantly higher prevalence of undernourishment, impacting almost one-fifth of its population compared to Brazil's low rate.
- Child malnutrition remains a concern in both countries, but India struggles with a much higher stunting and wasting rate compared to Brazil.
- While not as prevalent as undernourishment, overweight and obesity affect similar proportions of adults in both countries, highlighting the need for balanced diets and active lifestyles.
Additional Notes:
- Data may vary slightly depending on the source and year.
- The images provide a quick visual representation of the differences in malnutrition rates.
- Addressing malnutrition requires comprehensive strategies focused on food security, nutrition education, and healthcare interventions.
Conclusion:
While Brazil fares better overall in malnutrition indicators, India's significant challenges demand continued investments in targeted programs and improved access to nutritious food and healthcare services to combat malnutrition and ensure better health outcomes for its citizens.
I hope this tabular comparison with visuals helps you understand the contrasting situations of malnutrition in both countries. Please let me know if you'd like to explore any specific aspect further.
Physical Infrastructure Comparison: India vs. Brazil
| Feature | India | Brazil |
|---|---|---|
| Roads | ||
| Total Length (km) | 5.46 million | 2.21 million |
| Paved (%) | 39% | 84% |
| Density (km/km²) | 0.73 | 0.65 |
| Railways | ||
| Network Length (km) | 126,000 | 22,780 |
| Passenger Volume (billion) | 8.3 | 0.24 |
| Freight Volume (million tonnes) | 1,210 | 327 |
| Airports | ||
| Number | 124 | 147 |
| Major International Hubs | Delhi, Mumbai | Guarulhos (São Paulo) |
| Cargo Volume (million tonnes) | 5.2 | 6.0 |
Visualizations:
- Road Density Comparison:
Insights:
- While India boasts a larger road network, Brazil offers superior road quality with a higher percentage of paved roads.
- India dominates in railway passenger volume, but Brazil utilizes its network more for freight transportation.
- Brazil has more major international airport hubs, but India sees higher total cargo volume through air.
Please note:
- Data may vary slightly depending on the source and year.
- This table captures key aspects of physical infrastructure; additional indicators could be included for a more comprehensive comparison.
Overall:
Both India and Brazil have extensive physical infrastructure networks, but each faces unique challenges and opportunities in optimizing their systems for better connectivity, efficiency, and sustainable development.
I hope this tabular format with visualization clarifies the comparison between the two countries. Please let me know if you have any further questions!
Air Traffic Comparison: India vs. Brazil
| Feature | India | Brazil |
|---|---|---|
| Total Passengers (2022, million) | 236 | 192 |
| Domestic Passengers (million) | 219 | 160 |
| International Passengers (million) | 17 | 32 |
| Passenger Growth (2022) | 61% | 14% |
| Total Cargo (2022, million tonnes) | 8.6 | 6.9 |
| Number of Airports | 124 | 147 |
| Major Hubs | Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Chennai | Guarulhos (São Paulo), Rio de Janeiro-Galeão, Congonhas |
| Dominant Carriers | IndiGo, SpiceJet, Air India | LATAM Airlines Group, Azul Linhas Aéreas |
| Low-Cost Carriers | Yes | Yes |
| Open Skies Agreements | Yes | Yes |
Visualization:
- Passenger Numbers Comparison:
Insights:
- India handles more overall passengers, but Brazil dominates in international travel and cargo transportation.
- Both countries show promising growth in domestic air travel and experience similar challenges in infrastructure development and sustainability.
Conclusion:
While India and Brazil offer distinct air travel landscapes, both nations showcase a vibrant domestic market and hold future potential for further growth and technological advancements.
I hope this revised tabular format clarifies the comparison. Please let me know if you have any further questions!
Comparing International Treaty and Organization Memberships: India vs. Brazil
| Category | India | Brazil | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| United Nations: | Member | Member | UN.org |
| Specialized Agencies of the UN: | Member of 20+ agencies, including WHO, FAO, UNESCO | Member of 20+ agencies, including WHO, FAO, UNESCO | UN.org |
| World Trade Organization (WTO): | Member | Member | WTO.org |
| Regional/Intergovernmental Organizations: | |||
| - SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) | Member | Observer | SAARC-Secy.org |
| - ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) | Observer | Dialogue Partner | ASEAN.org |
| - Mercosur (Southern Common Market) | Associate Member | Observer | Mercosur.org |
| - BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa) | Member | Member | BRICS-Summit.org |
| - G20 (Group of Twenty) | Member | Member | G20.org |
| International Economic Organizations: | |||
| - World Bank | Member | Member | WorldBank.org |
| - International Monetary Fund (IMF) | Member | Member | IMF.org |
| - Asian Development Bank (ADB) | Regional Member | Non-Regional Member | ADB.org |
| International Legal and Security Organizations: | |||
| - International Court of Justice (ICJ) | Member | Member | ICJ-CIJ.org |
| - International Criminal Court (ICC) | Non-State Party | State Party | ICC-CPI.int |
| Environmental Organizations: | |||
| - Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) | Party | Party | CBD.int |
| - United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) | Party | Party | UNFCCC.int |
Notes:
- This table lists some major international treaties and organizations, not an exhaustive list.
- Membership categories, such as "Observer" or "Associate Member," may have different levels of participation and obligations.
- Data may vary depending on the source and date.
Insights:
- Both India and Brazil are members of major international organizations like the UN, WTO, and G20, reflecting their global engagement and interests.
- They participate in regional organizations relevant to their geographic location, but with different levels of commitment.
- India's membership in SAARC focuses on South Asian cooperation, while Brazil's focus on Mercosur aligns with South American integration.
- Both countries are part of BRICS, highlighting their economic influence and collaboration with emerging economies.
- Some differences exist in membership of legal and security organizations, showcasing their distinct foreign policy priorities.
Conclusion:
While both India and Brazil are active participants in the international community, their specific memberships and levels of engagement vary based on their regional priorities, economic partnerships, and strategic interests.
I hope this tabular format provides a clear comparison of their international treaty and organization memberships. Please let me know if you have any further questions.
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